Voyeur

The framing says the camera has no right to be here. Something blocks part of the view, the distance is wrong, and the subject does not know they are being watched.

The audience is made complicit. A shot taken from a hiding place puts the viewer in that hiding place, which is uncomfortable in a way a clean shot of the same action never is.

Block part of the frame. A window frame, a doorway, leaves, a gap between blinds, a stair rail. The obstruction is what proves the camera is concealed.

Use distance and a long lens. Compression and a slightly unsteady frame read as surveillance, and a close, stable, well composed shot reads as a scene being presented.

Keep the subject unaware. A glance toward the lens ends the effect immediately, because the moment somebody knows they are watched the shot becomes a confrontation.

Use it for surveillance, stalking, suspicion, and any scene where the audience should feel they are seeing something private.

Skip it for a character the audience is meant to be close to. The framing creates distance and suspicion, and it does that whether or not you want it.

A dirty frame puts something soft at the edge to add depth and place the camera in the room. A voyeur frame uses the same obstruction to say the camera is hidden, and it usually adds distance and a long lens.

A point of view shot belongs to a named character the audience has seen. A voyeur frame often belongs to nobody, which is what makes it unsettling.

The model returns a clean, well composed shot of the subject, because that is what most footage looks like. Say the view is partly blocked and name what blocks it.

The second failure is a subject looking at the lens. State that the subject is unaware of the camera and does not look toward it.